Joseph breeden



ammr eine @anni diijitaq JOSEPH BREEDEN, OF BIRMIGHANL ENGLAND.'

Letters Patent No. 100,113, dated February 22, 1870; Patented iu nghmd February 23, 1869.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOP-COQKS The Schedulevreferred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the sama.

T o all'to 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOSEPH BRFEEDEN, of the firm r of J and W. Breeden 86 Booth, ofirmingham, in the county of iVm-wick,- Eugland, manufacturers, a subject of the -Queen of Great Britain, have invent-ed or discovered new and useful Improvements in Taps or Stop-Cocks; and I, the said JOSEPH Bananes, do hereby declare the nature of said invention, and in what manner the sarne is to be performed, to he particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof', that is to say: i

My invention consistsin constructing and arranging the parts of taps or stop-cocks for liquids and fluids in the following manner: The body of the tap is made in two halves or parts, joined together by flanges, the said' body having internally the general figure of a hollow cylinder. The entrance pipe opens into the lower half' or part, and the exit pipe into the upper half' or part of the body. A circular disk of strong und hard leather is inserted and fixed between the flanges of the two parts of the body of the tap, the said disk constituting a diaphragm extending across the middle of the said body. This diaphragm has one or more perforations in it, through which the liquid or duid passes, and on the lower side of the said diaphragm is fixed a metal strengthening plate', having an opening in it coincident with that in the diaphragm. In the upper half of the body is a plug, the lower portion of which is of the same diameter as the body, and works closely but freely therein.

The upper end or stem of the plug passe-s out at the top of the tap, and is provided with a handle or with a leverfor giving a rotary motion to the plug. The lower end of the plug bears upon the upper side of the leather diaphragm, and has a hole in it similar in size, shape, and position to that in the diaphragm. When the plug is turned so as to bring the opening in the plfug over that in the diaphragm, communication is opened between the entrance and exit pipes of the tap, and liquider fluid may pass through the tap. l/Vhen the plug is so turned that the opening in it no longer coincides with that in the diaphragm the tap is closed.

The stem of the plug has ashonlder, between which and the top of the body washers of leather are placed so as to prevent the escape of liquid or fluid at the handle ofthe tap.

The pressure of the liquid or fluid upon the diaphragm keeps it in close Icontact with the bottom of the plug, and hence the greater the pressure the more closely will the diaphragm be held against the bottom of the plug. By means of a stop on the plug motion in either direction is limited.

Having explained the nature of my invention, I will proceed to describe, `with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, the manner in which the same is to be performed.

Figure 1 represents, in side elevation, and

Figure 2, in longitudinal vertical section, a tap' or.

stop-cock made according vto my invention, the said tap or stopmock being open for the .passage of liquid or fluid. y

Figures 3 and 4 represent the tap or stop-cock closed, the plug being represented in section in g. 3, and in elevation in fig. 4.

Figure 5 represents the plug in elevation.

Figure 6, a plan ofl upper side,and

Figure 7, a horizontalsection of the plug separately.

Figures 8 and 9 are plans of one part of the body of' the tap, and

Figure 10 is a plan of the other part of the body.

Figures ll and 12 are parts of the tap, as hereinafter explained. A

r1`he same letters of reference indicate the same parts i' in each figure of the drawings.

a b are the two parts or halves of' the body of the I tap, joined together by the flanges a? b".

'lhe entrance pipe c opens into the lower part b, and

the exit pipe d opens into the upper part a of the body;

Between the two parts or halves a b of the body of the tap, and fixed by the anges a2 b2, is a strong and hard leather disk, e, the said disk 'constituting a diaphragm extending across the middle of the body of the tap. The disk e is shown separately in fig. 12.

The said diaphragm is supportedand strengthened hy the metal disk or plate f under it, as represented, the said disk being dropped into a depression in the part b 'of the body. The disk or plate f is represented -separatelyin fig. 1l.

vIxrrtlie plan, n'g. 8 of the part a of the'body of the tap, the saidrdisk or plate f is shown upon the diaf phragm e; but inthe plan fig. 9, of the s aid part a,

the said disk or plate and diaphragm are removed, so as to exhibit the bottom of the plug.

The disk or plate f is fixed in its-placeand prevented from rotating by means of a pin or stud, b3, on the part b of the body (see fig. 10) engaging with a hole, f2 at the edge of the disk or plate, as represented.

The said diaphragm c has an opening or perforation, l

g, in it, through which the liquid or fluid passes, and the strengthening plate f has a similar-shaped opening or perforation, h, in it, coincident with the 0peuing g in the diaphragm e.

li is the plug, working in the upper part a of the i The face of" the bottom or disk 'i2 ofthe plug bears against the upper side ofthe diaphragm e, and the said disk t2 has a perforation or opening, t, similar in sirie,

vshape and position to that in the diaphragm c. Tile plug is hollow, and its sides are perforated as represented, to allow of the free passage of liquid or fluid through it to the exit pipe d.

The plug i is turned by a lever, k (or handle) fixed at the upper end of its stem, and the escape of liquid or iluid between the stem and the upper part of the body ofthe tap is prevented by the washer Z, situated between a shoulder on the stem and the inner side of the part t!l of' the body. Vhen thc lever k is turned so as to bring the opening t in the plug opposite the openings g h in the diaphragm e and strengthening plate f, the tap is opened as illustrated in fig. 2, and the liquid or uid passes from the entrance pipe c through the openings h g i and hollow plug i to the exit pipe d, as indicated .by the arrows in lig. 2. By turning the lever k hah` a rotation, the opening i3 iu the plug no longer 'coincides with the opening g in the diaphragm e, and the tap is closed by an unlnrtbrated part of'the plug being brought over the opening in the diaphragm, vas illustrated in figs. 3 and 4.

On the plug t' is a stop, m, (see figs. 4 and 6,) hy which its motion in either direction, to` open or close the tap, is limited. This stop m, on turning the plug, comes against one or other of two projections made at opposite points in thc upper part or halt'a ofthe body.

By an examination ot' tire drawing it will be seen that the liquid or Huid enters the tap below the diaphragm e, and byits pressure against the said daphragm and strengthening plate keeps the said diaphragm in close contact with the bottom of' the plug, and hence the greater the pressure the more closely will the diaphragm be held against the bottom ofthe plug.

Figure 13 represents in section a modification of the last-described tap, the said moditication being specially fitted for controlling the passage of hot water.

Figures 14 and 15 are parts ofthe same.

In this arrangement I use a diaphragm, c, of vulcauized India rubber instead of' leather, and instead of making the bottom '1? of the plug i work directly on the upper side o1" the diaphragm, I interpose between the said diaphragm and plug a metal disk, n, incapable of' rotation, against the upper face of which metal disk the bottom of the plug bears as represented.

The metal disk n has an opening, p, in it, which coincides with the opening y in the diaphragm e.

The disk n is represented separately in iig. 15, and is fixed in the upper half or part a of the body by means of the tooth or projection q engaging in a rccess in the said upper half a, as seen inthe plan, fig. 14.

I make the disk n and the plug ti? of dissimilar metals, the disk being made by preference of gull metal. The action of the tap, tig. 13, is the same as that herein first described.

In some cases the diaphragm e,1gs. 12 and 13, may be dispensed with, and the disk u only be employed. In this modification the disk n is supported by the flange I)2 ofthe lower half ofthe body of the opening, which is made smaller'than that represented in lig. 13. A ring ot' India rubber is interposed between the two flanges a2 and b2.

\VhatI claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The arrangement and combination of the perforated diaphragm e and perforated hollow pl ngi i2, bearing-directly on said diaphragm, as herein shown and described; and

2.v The combination and arrangement of the perforated disk or plate n. and perforated hollow plug t' i2, bearing directly on said disk or plate, as shown and described, the said diaphragm or plate being pressed closely against the said plug-by the pressure of' the liquid or tiuid entering thetap or stop-cock as specified.

JOSEPH BREEDEN. [nl 5.]

Witnesses:

Georgen SHAW, 7 C'amzonstrevt, RICHARD SKERRETT, Btmm'agham. 

